MACROGOL 4000 ZYDUS 10 g Powder for oral solution in sachet 20Sachet/10g

Each sachet contains:

Macrogol 4000......................................................................................................................................................10,000 g

Symptomatic treatment of constipation in adults and children from 8 years of age.

An organic cause must be ruled out before initiating treatment. MACROGOL 4000 ZYDUS must remain a temporary treatment for constipation, for a duration not exceeding 3 months in children, in combination with appropriate lifestyle and dietary measures. Persistence of symptoms despite the associated lifestyle and dietary measures should prompt investigation and treatment of an underlying pathology.

Oral use.

Dosage

The dose is 1 to 2 sachets per day (10 to 20 g), preferably to be taken in a single dose, in the morning.

The daily dose must be adapted according to the clinical effects obtained and may range from 1 sachet every other day (particularly in children) to 2 sachets per day. The effect of MACROGOL 4000 ZYDUS manifests within 24 to 48 hours following its administration.

Paediatric population

In children, given the absence of clinical data beyond 3 months, the duration of treatment should not exceed 3 months.

The improvement in intestinal transit induced by treatment will be maintained by dietary and lifestyle measures.

Method of administration

The contents of each sachet must be dissolved in approximately 50 ml of water just before being administered and taken in the morning. The resulting solution will be clear and transparent like water.

• Severe inflammatory bowel diseases (ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease) or toxic megacolon,
• Digestive perforation or risk of digestive perforation,
• Ileus or suspicion of intestinal obstruction, symptomatic stenosis,
• Abdominal pain syndromes of undetermined cause,
• Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients listed in section Composition.

Special warnings

Drug treatment of constipation is only an adjunct to hygienic and dietary treatment such as:

• enrichment of the diet with vegetable fibres and fluids,
• advice on appropriate physical activity and rehabilitation of defecation.

An organic cause must be ruled out before initiating treatment.

This medicine contains macrogol (polyethylene glycol). Hypersensitivity reactions (anaphylactic shock, angioedema, urticaria, rash, pruritus, erythema) have been reported with medicines containing macrogol, see section Adverse effects.

In case of diarrhoea, patients at risk of fluid and electrolyte imbalance (for example elderly subjects or patients with hepatic insufficiency or renal insufficiency or under diuretic treatment) should be monitored and electrolyte monitoring should be considered elderly subjects or patients with hepatic insufficiency or renal insufficiency or under diuretic treatment) and electrolyte monitoring should be considered.

Use with caution in patients with impaired gag reflex and in patients prone to regurgitation or aspiration. Cases of inhalation have been reported when large volumes of polyethylene glycol and electrolytes were administered via nasogastric tube. Children with neurological impairment and oromotor disorders are particularly exposed to this risk of inhalation.

In patients with swallowing problems who need to add a thickener to solutions to ensure appropriate intake, interactions should be considered, see section Interactions. 

Special precautions for use

MACROGOL 4000 ZYDUS does not contain a significant quantity of sugar or polyol, so it may be prescribed to diabetic patients or to patients on a galactose-free diet.

The absorption of other medicinal products may be transiently reduced when using MACROGOL 4000 ZYDUS, in particular medicinal products with a narrow therapeutic index or a short half-life such as digoxin, antiepileptics, coumarins and immunosuppressants, resulting in a decrease in efficacy.

MACROGOL 4000 ZYDUS may potentially interact with starch-based food thickeners. The active substance macrogol neutralises the thickening effect of starch, leading to liquefaction of preparations that must remain thickened for people with swallowing disorders.

Pregnancy

Animal studies have not shown direct or indirect harmful effects on reproduction (see section Preclinical safety). There are limited data (fewer than 300 pregnancies) on the use of MACROGOL 4000 ZYDUS in pregnant women.

No effect during pregnancy is expected since systemic exposure to Macrogol 4000 is negligible. MACROGOL 4000 ZYDUS may be used during pregnancy.

Breast-feeding

There is no data on the excretion of MACROGOL 4000 ZYDUS into breast milk.

No effect on breastfed newborns/infants is expected since systemic exposure of the breastfeeding woman to MACROGOL 4000 ZYDUS is negligible. MACROGOL 4000 ZYDUS may be used during breastfeeding.

Fertility

No fertility study has been performed with MACROGOL 4000 ZYDUS. However, since macrogol 4000 is not significantly absorbed, no effect on fertility is expected.

No studies on the effects of MACROGOL 4000 ZYDUS on the ability to drive vehicles and use machines have been performed.

The frequency of undesirable effects may be classified as follows:

Very common (> 1/10), frequent (≥ 1/100 to < 1/10), uncommon (≥ 1/1 000 to < 1/100), rare (≥ 1/10 000 to <1/1 000), very rare (< 1/10 000), frequency not known (cannot be estimated from the available data).

In adults :

The undesirable effects listed in the table below were reported during clinical studies (including approximately 600 patients) and during marketing of the product. In general, these undesirable effects have always been mild and transient, and mainly concerned the digestive system:

In children :

The adverse effects listed in the table below were reported during clinical studies including 147 children aged 6 months to 15 years and during marketing of the product. As in adults, these adverse effects were generally mild and transient and mainly concerned the digestive system:

* Diarrhoea may cause perianal pain.

Reporting of suspected adverse effects.

Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorisation of the medicinal product is important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions via the national reporting system: National Agency for the Safety of Medicines and Health Products (ANSM) and the network of Regional Pharmacovigilance Centres - Website: https://signalement.social-sante.gouv.fr.

Diarrhoea, abdominal pain and vomiting have been reported. In cases of severe diarrhoea, weight loss and hydro-electrolytic imbalance may occur. Diarrhoea, due to an excessive dose, disappears upon temporary discontinuation of treatment or after a reduction in dosage.

In cases of significant fluid loss secondary to diarrhoea or vomiting, it may be necessary to correct the hydro-electrolytic disorders.

Pharmacotherapeutic class: OSMOTIC LAXATIVE, ATC code: A06AD15 (A: alimentary tract and metabolism).

High molecular weight macrogols (4000) are long linear polymers to which water molecules are retained by hydrogen bonds. Administered orally, they cause an increase in the volume of intestinal fluids.

The volume of unabsorbed intestinal fluid is responsible for the laxative properties of the solution.

Pharmacokinetic data confirm the absence of intestinal absorption and biotransformation of macrogol 4000 after oral ingestion.

Toxicological studies carried out in different animal species revealed no sign of systemic toxicity or local gastrointestinal toxicity. Macrogol 4000 did not reveal any teratogenic or mutagenic effect.

Studies of potential interactions, carried out in rats with certain NSAIDs, anticoagulants, gastric antisecretory agents and a hypoglycaemic sulfonamide, did not show any interference of macrogol 4000 with the gastrointestinal absorption of the substances studied.

No carcinogenicity study has been conducted.

3 years.

This medicine does not require any particular storage precautions.

No special requirements.

• Indication(s) appearing in the marketing authorisation at the date of publication of this decree